Electrical equalizing system.



R. RICHTER. ELECTRICAL EQUALIZING SYSTEM.

APILIOAIION FILED MAY 16, 1910.

9 7; 32 I Pau-anted NW. 2%,

w W'HNESSES: V'EN 0 dMMMZQ "W Ma M/ UNITED STATES OFF ICE; v 1' nnnc'rmcnn nouanrzme srsrmr,

Application filed Kay- 18,

.To all whom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, RononrRrcn'rmz a. subject of the Emperor ofGerman an a resident of Griinau, Mark, near Ber in, Germany,'havo invented a new and useful Improvement in Electrical- Equalizing Systems, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to systems of electrical distributionand particularly to means for equalizing the current circuits.

. Various means vised fonsccuring a loads upon alternating have been proposed and delike or similar object to that contemplated by the present inventime, on account of tion, amen which is the use of a means for mechanical y shifting the stationary member of a synchronous alternatin current generator which is connected to t e linein multiple circuit relation tothe main generator,,in order to provide the desired equalizetion of load on'the latter. Such an adjustl menthas not: proved satisfactory in racthe difiiculty in a justing the'la'rge mass of material and the slow.-

' nose with which adjustment may be effected.

It is the pur os'e of my", to secure thedbsired res t 1n a-invantageous manner and more expeditiously, by adjusting or shifting the magnetic axis of the field magnet of a synchronous dynamoclcctric machine the armature of which is connected to the circuit to be regulated. The shifting of the magnetic axis of the-field magnet of the machine may be accomplished by any one of a variety of means, one of the elements of which is a commutating device having brushes that are adjustable with reference to the commutator segments in accordance with variations circuit to be regulated.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure l. is a diagram of nn alternating current systcm oi distribution equipped with my invention. g bodying a modification of the invention, and 'Fi 3 is a d bo ing a still further modification.

In the system shown in Fig. 1, the stationary armature tor 2 connected to a three-phase work circuit 3-4-5, which may be supplied from. any suitable source of energy such as main generator 5" and l. provided with a load,-

resent invention 'here indicated as a three-phase induction motor 6 havinga connectionto the line,

through a three-phase transformer 7. The

f the load on-the Fi 2 is a'dingram of a system cmi iagram of another systemem- 1 of a three-phase genera- -i operation, I employ a synchronous alternatshaft 8 of the rotary field magnet 9 01" the generator 2 is provided with'three collector rings 10, which are connected to 'equ'idistant points in the field magnet winding The exciting current, which is provided by a suit- 12 a plurality of points in which are connected to the segments of through resistanceleads 14.] The resistance leads 14 are so proportioned and'the connections between thecommutator cylinder segments and theresistance 12 are so spaced as to provide the most uniform exciter current. The brushes 15 which enga e the commutator segments, and to which t 1e exciter terminals are connected by means of conductors 16, are mounted-upon a shaft 17, which may be rotatablyadjusted, either by handor automatically, in accordance with variations in ,load on the circuit 3-4- 5. In case of automatic adjustment, an suitable motor device or mechanism may e employed, that here shown bein a cord orbelt 18 one end of which is attac ed toa stationary support, by means of a spring 19, and the other end of which-isj connected tothe core 20 of a solenoid 21 that. receives ourrent from the secondary winding .ofa-transformer 22, the

the conductor Set the workcircuit. 7

With the arrangement above described, when thebrushes are stationar with relation to the commutator cylin er, the machine operates as an ordinary synchronous 1 generator. As the-brushes are shifted in the able exciting generator 11, is supplied to the collector rings 10, through a resistance p fi i 011mm Yams Patented Nov. 29, 1910.

1910. Serial no. 561,703.

primary winding of whichiis connected in one direction or the other, the magnetic axis of the field magnet 9 will be shifted and the mar-lune will either deliver energy to the V line or'will store energy as a fly-wheel, ac-

. cording to the direction of movement of the I brhshos. i [t is to be understood that, 1f two alternating current generators are connected 1n 1 multiple circuit relation and the phase of one is displaced relative to that of the other, 3 by shifting"its nlagnetic axis' ,-or otherwise, i the load will be unequally divided between them. In accordance with this principle of i mg current. machine as an equa izer which,

a commutator cylinder 13, 6 I

votf winding and a careful proportioning and chine 2 is rotatable, and, therefore, supplies l which is also stationary, and brushes -are mounted, is belted to gr'drum' 23, over I but. it is to be understood that the said-windits magnetic axis and its phase displacement automatically responsire'to' the load on the line, the load on the main generator is automatically equalized. i t In the embodiment of the invention which I l have shown and described, a smooth and gradual :uljustment of the magnetic axis of the field magnet may be etl'ected, without l tapping a large number of points in its winding, by reason. of the resistance coils l2 and 14', the-use ot adircct current type i arrangementof the olcs. The commuta+ tion. is satisfactory, since the electromotiretorce ot' the exciting current is low and no t disturbing electronmtive-force occurs in the short-circuited windings.

, As indicated in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the armature 1 of the dynamo-electric maenergy to the work circuit 3+5, through collector rings 10*, to the load representtal at. (3. The winding of the stationarynfield magnet $1 is connected, at various points, to

the segments of a commutator-cylindet 13, g

are mounted upon a rotatable shaft 17", to engage with the commutator, the' brushes being connected to an exeiter' 11, substantially as indicated in Fig. 1; In this 1nodilication, the shaft 17', on which the brushes which operatesa cord or belt 24, one end of which is connected to'a stationary support by means of a-spring 19 the other end of which is connected to the core 20 of a solenoid 21. The solenoid itself is connected to the stationary winding of a series transformer 22, the primary of which is in the work circuit conductor 3. The adjustment of-the magnetic axis of the field magnet is eiiected' automatically,-in accordance with changes in the load on the work circuit, in i substantially the same manner as in the systom shown in Fig. 1. I

In Fig. 3 is shown a dynamo-electric niaehine 2 having a stationary armature 1" for supplying the work circuit 3+4-5 and a rotatable field magnet 9", the commutator cylinder '13? for which is mounted on the shaft 8". of 'the field magnet'structure. In this modification, the commutator cylinder 15 and the winding of the field magnet t) are shown in side elevation, for convenience,

ing is of the closed type'and differs from the winding of the field magnet 9 of Fig. 1 and the winding of the. field magnet Oof Fig. 2 only in being made a part-of the rotatablc member of the machine, The i brushes 15 for engagement with the commutator cylinder 13" are supported by a i ln-ush-hol-tler which is loosely mounted upon the shaft 8". The holder is connected to the commutator cylinder 13" ,by 1

tor cylinder 13 l the load variations on saidcircuit.

means of a spiral springindependent movement between the said parts. A brake device 27 is shown as en-' gaging the brush-holder cylinder, and this is controlled by means of two opposing coils 28 and 29, one of which is a current C011 0011- uected in series with the conductor, 5 of the work circuit, and the other a voltage COll which is connected across the conductors 1 and 5 of such circuit. Since the commuta tor cylinder 15 13 keyed to the shaft 8 and i the brush holder 25 is loosely mounted upon said shaft, rotation of the brush holder-isefi'ected by reason of thespring 28 and the friction between the brusies 15* and the 3 commutator cylinder. In order that the rotative adjustment of the brushes with refercnce to the commutator cylinder, which 5 is permitted by the above-mentioned connections, may effect such adjustment of the magnetic-axis of the field magnet't)? as cor- 'rcsponds to the load upon thecircuit to which the armature 1" is connected, I pro- \'-u.le the brake 27. Assuming that. the

voltage of the circuit 3-4-5 is substan-' 9o t'ially constant, the pull exerted by the coil 29 is also constantand tends to release tlr brake'Q-T. The coil .28'acts in 0 position to the coil 29 and tends to ap Jlyt c brake 2-7. If the pullexerted by he coil 28' is overcome by'the' coil 29, the brake is'released and the brushes 15* and the commutarotate together. If,how-' ever, the current coil predominates, the brake is applied-and a reater or less adjustment of the brushes re ative to the cylinder is effected in opposition to the spring 26'. His therefore evident that the same result 7 is accomplished in each of the three systems illustrated.

Various other means may be employed, if desired,'for automatically shiftin the magnetic axis of the field magnet of t e generator, and I, therefore, desire it to be understood that mv invent-ion is hot-limited to any specific deviceor apparatus, except in so far as limitations -are imposed by the prior art and are definitely specified'in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention: I

1. The combination with an alternating ciu'rent'circuit, and a dynamo-electric ma-. chine connected thereto, oneof the coil-bearing members of which rotates continuously when'inservice, of anau'tomatically oper- 1 ating means for shifting the ma netic axis of one of said members m'accordance with 2. The comb'nation with an alternating current circuit, and a synchronous dynamoelectric machine connected thereto, of means. for shifting the magnetic axis of one ofthe members of said machine in accordance with the load variations on said circuit.

" 3. 'lhecombination with a work circuit 9.6, which permitshaving a variable lead, of a synchronous dr- 1 711ame-elmtirir: machine having its armature machine having its armalure connected to f" mid eireuil. au exciier. a sel of eonnnuiator i ;-vgmeul.-: and a pair of hruRhes interposed heiu'eeu uid ex" iler and the field magnet I winding u'l ahe dynamo-e!eelrie machine, and means i'oi' shii'iing the eomn'nuatei"brushes as the'load on the circuit varies.

The combination with an alternating current Work circuit and a synchronous dynamo-electric machine having its arn'iature H10 field magnet \vindiug ufsaid dy1iaum-- electric marhiue, and means for eil'eeting i-elaiive ad uslment between said set of segiug an e m-rating veil that is energized from the \vm-k circuit. wherelrv the magnetic 1x15 of the field magnet of said dynam0-eleetri z maehine i shifted in aeeordanee \Ylill lead rarialiuus an the wurk eireul.

lu le lim my whereai. l have hereunin SlIl)S('1'll')Qd my name this .27 day of April, 1910. RUDOLF RICllllCll.

\Vitnesses I'IENRY Hasenn,

Vewmmn IIAUP'I.

ments and said inuslres, said means embody- 

